White Oak
(Quercus alba)
Research conducted by: Ava Dame, & Maria Dionyssopoulos, Grosse Ile High School Students (2024)
General Characteristics:
Range: - It is found from southwestern Maine and extreme southern Quebec west to southern Ontario, central Michigan, to southeastern Minnesota to western Iowa
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How to identify the tree species.
White oak is a large tree with a long, straight trunk and a broad, rounded crown. Leaves are alternate, simple, 5–9 inches long, 2–4 inches wide; margin entire, with 6–10 lobes; lobes rounded at the tip; upper surface bright green, smooth, often shiny; lower surface whitened, smooth. Can reach heights of 50-100 fee with a massive canopy. The bark is light ash gray.
How have people made use of the trees (wood, fruit etc.).
Construction-grade products, like railroad ties or wood pallets, or high-quality materials such as flooring and veneer for cabinets and furniture
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Wildlife Value:
How do animals, insects and others make use of the tree?
Many birds nest in white oak, such as the near-threatened Cerulean Warbler that spends much of its time hopping around from branch to branch feeding on insects in the canopy of mature white oaks.
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Symbiotic relationship with other species?
White oak trees have developed a relationship with a specific type of mycorrhizal fungi called ectomycorrhizae to facilitate these functions. Their hyphae connect to the tips of tree roots to form a physical connection known as the mycorrhizal network which serves multiple, reciprocal roles.
Interesting Tidbits:
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They grow really tall
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They can live up to 450 years
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It is the national tree of America
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Symbol of wisdom, courage and endurance
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Does not begin producing large crops of acorns until over 50 years of age.
Citations:
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USDA.Gov
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Missouri Department Of Conservation, University of Kentucky Research
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https://asknature.org/innovation/food-access-platform-inspired-by-the-fungi-white-oak-symbiosis/
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